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CONTENT STUDIO PREVIEW

1. Official curriculum anchor

4.2.6 · Strand 4: Matter in our World · 4.2. Reactivity of organic compounds

describe five types of reactions and analyse a given reaction in terms of the type(s) of reaction taking place

Higher|Ordinary · Leaving Certificate Chemistry 2025 specification — fifth-year cohorts from September 2025

2. Original iLEARN experience

  1. Learning intention: work directly toward 4.2.6.
  2. Entry: short original explanation plus key vocabulary.
  3. Active task: use one of the recommended formats below.
  4. Check: learner explains, applies or demonstrates the outcome.
  5. Improve: feedback then retry/redraft.
  6. Evidence: save the improved response against CHEM-SC25-S4-T2-6.

3. Recommended content formats

  • Micro explainer — short explanation · key vocabulary · one worked example · one misconception check
  • Visual summary / poster — original diagram plan · labels · short captions · text equivalent
  • Source enquiry — curated lawful sources · source questions · evidence grid · claim-evidence-reasoning response
  • Worked example — model problem · visible steps · faded second example · independent try

Originality rule: new wording, examples, questions, datasets, diagrams and sequences. Publisher material is not copied or stored.

4. Required learner variants

Easy English · Standard English · Exam/subject language

Easy / Standard / Exam English · Read aloud · Reduced motion · Chunked instructions · Voice or typed response · Vocabulary support · Non-visual / non-drag alternative when needed

5. Teacher control

The authenticated Content Studio backend now supports preview → save draft → teacher edit → approve. Nothing becomes learner-visible by default.

Choose another Chemistry outcome

1.1.1 · Strand 1: Nature of Matter — understand experimental evidence for the kinetic theory of matter1.1.2 · Strand 1: Nature of Matter — analyse the kinetic theory of matter to: explain the nature and behaviour of matter at the particulate level; model how matter changes state1.1.3 · Strand 1: Nature of Matter — justify the use of different separation techniques for isolating one or more components from a mixture1.1.4 · Strand 1: Nature of Matter — distinguish between physical change and chemical change of matter1.1.5 · Strand 1: Nature of Matter — verify, using primary data, the law of conservation of mass and explain through the use of modelsU1.1 · Unifying Strand: The Nature of Science — appreciate how scientists work and how scientific ideas are modified over time1.2.1 · Strand 1: Nature of Matter — evaluate previous models of the atom against the current model, stating assumptions and limitations in each case1.2.2 · Strand 1: Nature of Matter — describe the atom using the current orbital model of atomic theory, including subatomic particles1.2.3 · Strand 1: Nature of Matter — describe and explain the origin of lines on the atomic emission spectrum of hydrogen1.2.4 · Strand 1: Nature of Matter — identify an element using appropriate primary or secondary data1.2.5 · Strand 1: Nature of Matter — describe the electronic structure of elements and associated ions, identifying stable electronic configurationsU1.2 · Unifying Strand: The Nature of Science — conduct research relevant to a scientific issue and evaluate different sources of information including secondary data, understanding that a source may lack detail or show bias1.3.1 · Strand 1: Nature of Matter — describe the development of the modern periodic table1.3.2 · Strand 1: Nature of Matter — identify specific groups of elements and relate the group properties to its position in the periodic table1.3.3 · Strand 1: Nature of Matter — examine and explain the arrangement of elements in groups, periods and blocks in the periodic table of elements1.3.4 · Strand 1: Nature of Matter — examine trends and relationships in the periodic table1.3.5 · Strand 1: Nature of Matter — explain trends in first ionisation energies, including exceptions, and in successive ionisation energies and atomic radii1.4.1 · Strand 1: Nature of Matter — define and explain the mole in terms of the Avogadro constant, and relate the mole to how the amount of a substance can be quantified1.4.2 · Strand 1: Nature of Matter — solve problems involving relative atomic mass and percentage abundance of isotopes1.4.3 · Strand 1: Nature of Matter — state Avogadro’s law and deduce the molar volume of a gas1.4.4 · Strand 1: Nature of Matter — conduct an experiment to determine the relative molecular mass of a gas derived from a liquid1.4.5 · Strand 1: Nature of Matter — explain and model the concept of concentration of a solution and outline how to prepare a range of solutions of different concentrations, including primary standard solutions1.4.6 · Strand 1: Nature of Matter — convert between units of concentration1.4.7 · Strand 1: Nature of Matter — use the concept of a mole to: determine empirical and molecular formulae; balance equations for reactions where reactants and products are specified; analyse and solve quantitative problems based on balanced equations2.1.1 · Strand 2: Behaviour of Matter — describe and compare different types of chemical bonding2.1.2 · Strand 2: Behaviour of Matter — predict the nature of chemical bonds between atoms, using trends in electronegativity values2.1.3 · Strand 2: Behaviour of Matter — model different types of bonding to predict chemical formulae and outline the limitations in predicting bonding between atoms2.1.4 · Strand 2: Behaviour of Matter — relate the properties of simple compounds to the nature of bonding present2.1.5 · Strand 2: Behaviour of Matter — investigate, using primary data, the presence of ions in salts and in solutions, and identify an anion and cation in an unknown saltU2.1 · Unifying Strand: The Nature of Science — recognise questions that are appropriate for scientific investigation in chemistry2.2.1 · Strand 2: Behaviour of Matter — distinguish between intramolecular bonding and a range of intermolecular forces2.2.2 · Strand 2: Behaviour of Matter — relate observed physical properties for a range of compounds to the type of intermolecular forces, accounting for trends2.2.3 · Strand 2: Behaviour of Matter — explain qualitatively the influence of polarity, and symmetry, on intermolecular forces2.2.4 · Strand 2: Behaviour of Matter — use the shapes and polarity of molecules of simple compounds to predict physical properties2.2.5 · Strand 2: Behaviour of Matter — use VSEPR theory to predict and model the shapes of moleculesU2.2 · Unifying Strand: The Nature of Science — pose testable hypotheses developed using scientific theories and explanations, and evaluate and compare strategies for investigating hypotheses2.3.1 · Strand 2: Behaviour of Matter — explain what is meant by the ideal gas, accounting for deviations of real gases from ideal gas behaviour2.3.2 · Strand 2: Behaviour of Matter — solve and interpret quantitative problems using the ideal gas equationU2.3 · Unifying Strand: The Nature of Science — design, plan and conduct investigations; explain how reliability, validity, accuracy, precision, error, fairness, safety, integrity, and the selection of suitable equipment have been considered2.4.1 · Strand 2: Behaviour of Matter — outline the main sources of hydrocarbons and their uses in industry and society2.4.2 · Strand 2: Behaviour of Matter — identify and research one major impact on society of the extensive use of hydrocarbons2.4.3 · Strand 2: Behaviour of Matter — conduct an experiment to prepare ethene, observe its physical properties, and investigate some of its chemical properties2.4.4 · Strand 2: Behaviour of Matter — describe and compare different groups of hydrocarbons, including composition, bonding and structure, and relate these to their characteristic properties2.4.5 · Strand 2: Behaviour of Matter — explain and predict differences, if any, in properties within each of the following: straight chain alkanes of different carbon number; alkanes of the same carbon number; monounsaturated straight chain alkenes2.4.6 · Strand 2: Behaviour of Matter — explain the relative chemical stability of alkanes2.4.7 · Strand 2: Behaviour of Matter — construct and examine 3D models of hydrocarbon molecules and explain how bonding and isomers influence the spatial arrangement of atoms for these molecules2.4.8 · Strand 2: Behaviour of Matter — explain and compare the shapes of ethane, ethene, ethyne and benzene molecules in terms of sigma and pi bonds, including delocalised pi bonding2.4.9 · Strand 2: Behaviour of Matter — distinguish between structural and geometrical isomerism, including how isomerism gives rise to different propertiesU2.4 · Unifying Strand: The Nature of Science — produce and select data (qualitatively quantitatively), critically analyse data to identify patterns and relationships, identify anomalous observations, draw and justify conclusionsU2.5 · Unifying Strand: The Nature of Science — review and reflect on the skills and thinking used in carrying out investigations, and apply their learning and skills to solving problems in unfamiliar contextsU2.6 · Unifying Strand: The Nature of Science — organise and communicate their research and investigative findings, using relevant scientific terminology and representations3.1.1 · Strand 3: Interactions of Matter — define bond enthalpy and explain enthalpy changes in a reaction in terms of making and breaking bonds3.1.2 · Strand 3: Interactions of Matter — explain, and model diagrammatically, processes of energy transfer using exothermic and endothermic reactions3.1.3 · Strand 3: Interactions of Matter — investigate, using primary data, how to determine ΔH for a suitable neutralisation reaction3.1.4 · Strand 3: Interactions of Matter — calculate ΔH for a chemical reaction and describe the energy transfer through a simple energy profile diagram3.1.5 · Strand 3: Interactions of Matter — analyse a given reaction, involving covalent molecules, to explain and predict the value of ΔH using average bond enthalpy values3.1.6 · Strand 3: Interactions of Matter — calculate and predict enthalpy changes using Hess’s law3.1.7 · Strand 3: Interactions of Matter — construct balanced equations for the complete combustion of hydrocarbons and primary alcohols, and explain trends in the associated standard ΔH values3.1.8 · Strand 3: Interactions of Matter — investigate, using primary data, the energy change of combustion and compare experimental values to standard values, accounting for differencesU3.1 · Unifying Strand: The Nature of Science — research and present information on the contribution that scientists make to scientific discovery and invention, and its impact on society3.2.1 · Strand 3: Interactions of Matter — define and explain rate of reaction3.2.2 · Strand 3: Interactions of Matter — describe collision theory, and give examples of slow and fast reactions3.2.3 · Strand 3: Interactions of Matter — investigate, using primary data, the factors that affect rates of a reaction and interpret rate of reaction graphs, using primary and secondary data3.2.4 · Strand 3: Interactions of Matter — compare the energy profile diagrams of catalysed and uncatalysed reactions, for both exothermic and endothermic reactions3.2.5 · Strand 3: Interactions of Matter — model two general catalytic mechanismsU3.2 · Unifying Strand: The Nature of Science — appreciate the role of chemistry in society, and its personal, social and global importance, and how society influences scientific research3.3.1 · Strand 3: Interactions of Matter — appreciate that some reactions tend to be reversible and explain the concept of dynamic chemical equilibrium3.3.2 · Strand 3: Interactions of Matter — explain the factors that affect the value of the equilibrium constant (Kc), and use the mathematical model of Kc to describe and predict how given reactions would proceed3.3.3 · Strand 3: Interactions of Matter — solve problems involving the mathematical model for the equilibrium constant Kc3.3.4 · Strand 3: Interactions of Matter — apply Le Châtelier’s principle to a variety of processes to predict responses to disturbances to the equilibrium and to predict conditions for optimising yields of product3.3.5 · Strand 3: Interactions of Matter — investigate, using primary and/or secondary data, how changes in temperature and concentration can affect the state of equilibriumU3.3 · Unifying Strand: The Nature of Science — evaluate media-based arguments concerning science and technology3.4.1 · Strand 3: Interactions of Matter — justify categorisation of commonly used substances as acid or base, based on the display of certain properties and outline common everyday examples of neutralisation3.4.10 · Strand 3: Interactions of Matter — compare degrees of dissociation of strong and weak acids, and strong and weak bases, using Ka and Kb values3.4.2 · Strand 3: Interactions of Matter — predict the products of, and write balanced equations for, acid-base reactions3.4.3 · Strand 3: Interactions of Matter — compare two theories of acid-base systems and justify why Brønsted-Lowry theory is a more extensive model for explaining behaviour3.4.4 · Strand 3: Interactions of Matter — apply Brønsted-Lowry theory to identify, in chemical equations: conjugate acid-base pairs; species acting as acids and bases3.4.5 · Strand 3: Interactions of Matter — explain the self-ionisation of water and deduce a mathematical representation for the ionic product of water (Kw), accounting for its temperature dependence3.4.6 · Strand 3: Interactions of Matter — measure pH, and explain the pH scale and the factors that affect the pH of a solution3.4.7 · Strand 3: Interactions of Matter — distinguish between: weak and strong acids (and bases); concentrated and dilute acids (and bases)3.4.8 · Strand 3: Interactions of Matter — solve mathematical problems involving pH for dilute aqueous solutions3.4.9 · Strand 3: Interactions of Matter — deduce mathematical representations for weak acid dissociation constant (Ka) and weak base dissociation constant (Kb)3.5.1 · Strand 3: Interactions of Matter — describe oxidation and reduction, using suitable examples and applications, identifying oxidising and reducing agents in given chemical reactions3.5.2 · Strand 3: Interactions of Matter — apply oxidation numbers to balance redox reaction equations3.5.3 · Strand 3: Interactions of Matter — investigate displacement reactions of metals, using primary or secondary data, relating them to the electrochemical series3.5.4 · Strand 3: Interactions of Matter — compare a primary and secondary cell3.5.5 · Strand 3: Interactions of Matter — create a simple galvanic cell and explain its operation3.5.6 · Strand 3: Interactions of Matter — create a simple electrolytic cell, explain its operation and split water using electrolysis3.5.7 · Strand 3: Interactions of Matter — compare a chemical cell with a fuel cell3.5.8 · Strand 3: Interactions of Matter — explain the operation of a simple hydrogen fuel cell3.5.9 · Strand 3: Interactions of Matter — research a role of electrochemistry in an area related to sustainability and technology in everyday life4.1.1 · Strand 4: Matter in our World — recognise the importance of primary standards and standard solutions4.1.2 · Strand 4: Matter in our World — determine the concentration of analytes by titration using primary standard solutions and/or solutions standardised using primary standards4.1.3 · Strand 4: Matter in our World — investigate pH titration curves, using primary data from acid-base reactions, justifying appropriate indicators for each titration4.1.4 · Strand 4: Matter in our World — explain how weak acid and weak base acid-base indicators function, using Le Châtelier’s principle4.1.5 · Strand 4: Matter in our World — investigate, using primary data, how to find the concentration of ethanoic acid in vinegar4.1.6 · Strand 4: Matter in our World — investigate, using primary data, the percentage of elemental iron in iron tablets4.1.7 · Strand 4: Matter in our World — solve volumetric problemsU4.1 · Unifying Strand: The Nature of Science — relate observable phenomena to the chemical processes at the atomic, sub-atomic or molecular level4.2.1 · Strand 4: Matter in our World — outline sources of organic compounds and the use and impact of products based on organic compounds4.2.10 · Strand 4: Matter in our World — describe reaction mechanisms involving movement of electrons, including supporting evidence4.2.11 · Strand 4: Matter in our World — describe redox reactions and acid-base reactions of organic compounds4.2.12 · Strand 4: Matter in our World — explain the acidity of carboxylic acid and alcohol functional groups4.2.13 · Strand 4: Matter in our World — outline how a soap works, as an example of a surfactant, and the applications of surfactants in everyday life4.2.14 · Strand 4: Matter in our World — conduct an activity to prepare soap, with NaOH either limiting or in excess4.2.15 · Strand 4: Matter in our World — explore the use of organic compounds in pharmaceutical products4.2.16 · Strand 4: Matter in our World — describe the structure and applications of addition polymers and how non-biodegradability is related to their chemical stability4.2.2 · Strand 4: Matter in our World — apply rules for nomenclature and classify each functional group in terms of general formula and structure4.2.3 · Strand 4: Matter in our World — construct and compare representations of organic molecules4.2.4 · Strand 4: Matter in our World — conduct tests: to distinguish between aldehydes and ketones; to show the acidic nature of carboxylic acids4.2.5 · Strand 4: Matter in our World — relate the physical properties of organic molecules to molecular size, type of bonding present4.2.6 · Strand 4: Matter in our World — describe five types of reactions and analyse a given reaction in terms of the type(s) of reaction taking place4.2.7 · Strand 4: Matter in our World — analyse an organic reaction scheme and predict possible reactions and reaction products4.2.8 · Strand 4: Matter in our World — conduct an experiment to prepare an ester4.2.9 · Strand 4: Matter in our World — conduct an experiment to synthesise benzoic acid, determining purity, melting point and yieldU4.2 · Unifying Strand: The Nature of Science — appreciate that models are simplified representations of complex systems or phenomena with underlying assumptions; can be modified as more data becomes available from the system/phenomenon; can predict the behaviour of a system/phenomenon4.3.1 · Strand 4: Matter in our World — describe the natural greenhouse effect and explain its significance4.3.2 · Strand 4: Matter in our World — discuss the evidence for the enhanced greenhouse effect and possible solutions to anthropogenic influences on the atmosphere4.3.3 · Strand 4: Matter in our World — discuss causes of water contamination and biochemical consequences4.3.4 · Strand 4: Matter in our World — describe the steps necessary in the treatment of drinking water and appreciate the impact of providing clean water for human use4.3.5 · Strand 4: Matter in our World — describe how a simple lithium ion cell works and discuss its life-cycle4.3.6 · Strand 4: Matter in our World — compare the properties and structures of allotropes of carbon4.3.7 · Strand 4: Matter in our World — discuss the use of carbon allotropes in society4.3.8 · Strand 4: Matter in our World — research an area of the course, through one of the cross-cutting themes (health, sustainability, and technology)

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